Centrifugal abdominal lipodystrophy (also known as “Lipodystrophia centrifugalis abdominalis infantilis”) is a skin condition characterized by areas of subcutaneous fat loss that slowly enlarge.[1]:496-7
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Lipodystrophy may be divided into the following types:[1]:495-7 Congential lipodystrophies Congenital generalized lipodystrophy (Beradinelli-Seip syndrome) Familial partial lipodystrophy Acquired lipodystrophy Acquired partial lipodystrophy (Barraquer-Simons syndrome) Acquired generalized lipodystrophy Centrifugal abdominal lipodystrophy (Lipodystrophia centrifugalis abdominalis infantilis) Lipoatrophia annularis (Ferreira-Marques lipoatrophia) Localized lipodystrophy HIV-associated lipodystrophy
HIV-associated lipodystrophy is a skin condition characterized by loss of subcutaneous fat associated with infection with HIV.[1]:497 Although the exact mechanism of this is not known, it is believed that lipodystrophy in HIV patients is caused by anti-retroviral medications. Common Presentations include: Fat loss in face, buttocks, arms, legs There is also fat accumulation caused by these drugs in various body parts. Patients often present with "buffalo hump" like fat deposits in their upper backs. Breast sizes of patients (both male and female) tends to increase. In addition, patients develop abdominal obesity, commonly described as a "beer gut".
Many CPB circuits now employ a centrifugal pump for the maintenance and control of blood flow during CPB. By altering the speed of revolution (RPM) of the pump head, blood flow is produced by centrifugal force. This type of pumping action is considered to be superior to the action of the roller pump by many because it is thought to produce less blood damage (Hemolysis, etc.).
Lipodystrophy can be caused by metabolic abnormalities due to genetic issues. These are often characterized by insulin resistance and are associated with Syndrome X.
A lipodystrophy can be a lump or small dent in the skin that forms when a person keeps performing injections in the same spot. These types of lipodystrophies are harmless. People who want to avoid them can do so by changing (rotating) the places where they perform injections. For people with diabetes, using purified insulins may also help. One of the side-effects of lipodystrophy is the rejection of the injected medication, the slowing down of the absorption of the medication, or trauma that can cause bleeding that, in turn, will reject the medication. In either scenarios, the dosage of the medication,
Localized lipodystrophy is a skin condition characterized by the loss subcutaneous fat localized to sites of insulin injection.[1]:497
Congenital generalized lipodystrophy (also known as "Beradinelli-Seip syndrome") is a rare autosomal dominant skin condition, characterized by an extreme paucity of fat in the subcutaneous tissues.[1]:495
Acquired generalized lipodystrophy is a rare skin condition that appears during childhood or adolescence, characterized by fat loss affecting large areas of the body, particularly the face, arms, and legs.[1]:496
Familial partial lipodystrophy is an autosomal dominant skin condition characterized by the loss of subcutaneous fat.[1]:495
Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia is a subset of cicatricial alopecia, identified in blacks, starting in the central scalp and progressing centrifugally.[1]:648-9[2]:760